year 10, Issue 4 (Winter 2022)                   Ann Appl Sport Sci 2022, 10(4): 0-0 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


1- International School of Commerce and Digital Economy, La Salle – Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain , marcela.garza@salle.url.edu
2- International School of Commerce and Digital Economy, La Salle – Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
Abstract:   (3007 Views)
Background. The sports industry has been transformed through digitalization processes. One traditional area of sports marketing strategy that has changed significantly is sponsorship.
Objectives. To reveal how digitalization has impacted sports sponsorship strategies according to the findings of academic articles in leading sports management journals. In light of the dramatic transformation of sports sponsorship in recent times, a new research agenda is proposed.
Methods. One hundred eighty-nine articles from five high-impact sports journals were systematically selected and classified according to Jin’s (2017) categorization. An in-depth analysis of 23 articles related to digital media was performed and compared to Santomier’s (2008) literature review to understand the evolving academic discourse on the changing nature of sports sponsorship and propose a research agenda for the near future.
Results. A research agenda is proposed to understand the new sponsorship dynamics in the digital landscape focused on the analysis made of the three studied categories: Sports and the internet, consumer behavior, and sports marketing strategy.
Conclusion. The continuous evolution of digital technologies challenges academics and practitioners to keep pace with the impacts of digitalization in sports sponsorship, which requires a new research agenda to raise questions to be answered in future research.
Full-Text [PDF 359 kb]   (1981 Downloads)    
 
 
APPLICABLE REMARKS
• The proposed research agenda aims to shed light on the next steps for future research regarding sponsorship strategies in the digital environment.
• Both academics and practitioners can use it to continue understanding how digitalization affects marketing strategies, the new technologies that are being adopted in sports, and how the consumers and sports fans are changing their behavior as digital technologies evolve.

Type of Study: Review Article | Subject: Sport Management and its related branches
Received: 2021/09/30 | Accepted: 2021/12/21

References
1. Coffey VG, Hawley JA. The molecular bases of training adaptation. Sports Med. 2007;37(9):737-763. [DOI:10.2165/00007256-200737090-00001] [PMID]
2. Meeusen R, Duclos M, Foster C, Fry A, Gleeson M, Nieman D, et al. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science and the American College of Sports Medicine. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45(1):186-205. [DOI:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318279a10a] [PMID]
3. Kuipers H, Keizer HA. Overtraining in elite athletes. Review and directions for the future. Sports Med. 1988;6(2):79-92. [DOI:10.2165/00007256-198806020-00003] [PMID]
4. Heuchert JP, McNair DM. The Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition (POMS 2). North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems2012. [DOI:10.1037/t05057-000]
5. Saw AE, Main LC, Gastin PB. Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):281-291. [DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094758] [PMID] [PMCID]
6. Morgan WP, Brown DR, Raglin JS, O'Connor PJ, Ellickson KA. Psychological monitoring of overtraining and staleness. Br J Sports Med. 1987;21(3):107-114. [DOI:10.1136/bjsm.21.3.107] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Papacosta E, Nassis GP. Saliva as a tool for monitoring steroid, peptide and immune markers in sport and exercise science. J Sci Med Sport. 2011;14(5):424-434. [DOI:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.03.004] [PMID]
8. Tomasi TB, Trudeau FB, Czerwinski D, Erredge S. Immune parameters in athletes before and after strenuous exercise. J Clin Immunol. 1982;2(3):173-178. [DOI:10.1007/BF00915219] [PMID]
9. Gleeson M. Immune function in sport and exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007;103(2):693-699. [DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2007] [PMID]
10. Trochimiak T, Hubner-Wozniak E. Effect of exercise on the level of immunoglobulin a in saliva. Biol Sport. 2012;29(4):255-261. [DOI:10.5604/20831862.1019662] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Orysiak J, Witek K, Zembron-Lacny A, Morawin B, Malczewska-Lenczowska J, Sitkowski D. Mucosal immunity and upper respiratory tract infections during a 24-week competitive season in young ice hockey players. J Sports Sci. 2017;35(13):1255-1263. [DOI:10.1080/02640414.2016.1218039] [PMID]
12. Neville V, Gleeson M, Folland JP. Salivary IgA as a risk factor for upper respiratory infections in elite professional athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(7):1228-1236. [DOI:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816be9c3] [PMID]
13. Agut H, Bonnafous P, Gautheret-Dejean A. Update on infections with human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7. Med Mal Infect. 2017;47(2):83-91. [DOI:10.1016/j.medmal.2016.09.004] [PMID]
14. Tamai S, Hiraoka H, Shimizu K, Miyake K, Hoshi D, Aoki K. Variabilities of salivary human herpesvirus 6/7 and cortisol levels during a three-day training camp in judo athletes. J Phys Fitness Sports Med.in press.
15. Fukuda H, Ichinose T, Kusama T, Sakurai R. Assessment of salivary human herpesvirus-6 and immunoglobulin a levels in nurses working shifts. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2008;2(3):159-165. [DOI:10.1016/S1976-1317(08)60039-0]
16. Osaki T, Morikawa T, Kajita H, Kobayashi N, Kondo K, Maeda K. Caregiver burden and fatigue in caregivers of people with dementia: Measuring human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 and -7 DNA levels in saliva. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;66:42-48. [DOI:10.1016/j.archger.2016.04.015] [PMID]
17. Aoki R, Kobayashi N, Suzuki G, Kuratsune H, Shimada K, Oka N, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 and 7 are biomarkers for fatigue, which distinguish between physiological fatigue and pathological fatigue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;478(1):424-430. [DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.010] [PMID]
18. Akimoto T, Kumai Y, Akama T, Hayashi E, Murakami H, Soma R, et al. Effects of 12 months of exercise training on salivary secretory IgA levels in elderly subjects. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37(1):76-79. [DOI:10.1136/bjsm.37.1.76] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Bartholomew JB, Morrison D, Ciccolo JT. Effects of acute exercise on mood and well-being in patients with major depressive disorder. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37(12):2032-2037. [DOI:10.1249/01.mss.0000178101.78322.dd] [PMID]
20. Fahlman MM, Engels HJ. Mucosal IgA and URTI in American college football players: a year longitudinal study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37(3):374-380. [DOI:10.1249/01.MSS.0000155432.67020.88] [PMID]
21. Yamauchi R, Shimizu K, Kimura F, Takemura M, Suzuki K, Akama T, et al. Virus activation and immune function during intense training in rugby football players. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(5):393-398. [DOI:10.1055/s-0031-1271674] [PMID]
22. Guo ZQ, Otsuki T, Ishi Y, Inagaki A, Kawakami Y, Hisano Y, et al. Perturbation of secretory Ig A in saliva and its daily variation by academic stress. Environ Health Prev Med. 2002;6(4):268-272. [DOI:10.1007/BF02897981] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Ring C, Carroll D, Hoving J, Ormerod J, Harrison LK, Drayson M. Effects of competition, exercise, and mental stress on secretory immunity. J Sports Sci. 2005;23(5):501-508. [DOI:10.1080/02640410410001729955] [PMID]
24. Zhang K, Kaufman RJ. From endoplasmic-reticulum stress to the inflammatory response. Nature. 2008;454(7203):455-462. [DOI:10.1038/nature07203] [PMID] [PMCID]
25. Smith LL. Cytokine hypothesis of overtraining: a physiological adaptation to excessive stress? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(2):317-331. [DOI:10.1097/00005768-200002000-00011] [PMID]
26. Suzuki K. Characterization of exercise-induced cytokine release, the impacts on the body, the mechanisms and modulations. Int J Sports Exerc Med. 2019;5:122. [DOI:10.23937/2469-5718/1510122]
27. Robson-Ansley PJ, de Milander L, Collins M, Noakes TD. Acute interleukin-6 administration impairs athletic performance in healthy, trained male runners. Can J Appl Physiol. 2004;29(4):411-418. [DOI:10.1139/h04-026] [PMID]
28. Kondo K. HHV-6 reactivation and fatigue. Jpn J Compl Alternative Med. 2006;3:61-67. [DOI:10.1625/jcam.3.61]
29. Kempf W, Adams V, Wey N, Moos R, Schmid M, Avitabile E, et al. CD68+ cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage in the environment of AIDS-associated and classic-sporadic Kaposi sarcoma are singly or doubly infected with human herpesviruses 7 and 6B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94(14):7600-7605. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.94.14.7600] [PMID] [PMCID]
30. Kobayashi N, Oka N, Takahashi M, Shimada K, Ishii A, Tatebayashi Y, et al. Human Herpesvirus 6B Greatly Increases Risk of Depression by Activating Hypothalamic-Pituitary -Adrenal Axis during Latent Phase of Infection. iScience. 2020;23(6):101187. [DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101187] [PMID] [PMCID]

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.