en فيزيولوژی ورزشی و شاخه‌های وابسته بدان Sport Physiology and its related branches مقاله مروری Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background.</strong> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity present substantial challenges to global public health, marked by their widespread prevalence and associated morbidities. The ensuing complications, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome, cancer, liver disease, and neurodegeneration, underscore the urgent need for effective preventive measures. Despite this, primary prevention of CVD in individuals with T2DM and obesity remains inadequate. Regular exercise emerges as a pivotal factor in ameliorating various cardiometabolic parameters, yet conflicting findings persist regarding the impact of exercise parameters (frequency, intensity, time, and type) on lipid homeostasis.<br> <strong>Objectives. </strong>This review scrutinizes the effects of diverse exercise types and parameters on individuals with T2DM and concurrent obesity. A focus is placed on investigating the influence of exercise on conventional lipids, such as LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, total TC, and VLDL-C. The review briefly delves into the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced effects on lipids and lipoproteins.<br> <strong>Methods. </strong>A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.<br> <strong>Results. </strong>Regular exercise is instrumental in elevating HDL-C levels while reducing TG, TC, VLDL, and LDL-C concurrently. Exercise mitigates CVD risk, lowers BMI, and enhances insulin resistance, depending on exercise types, volume, intensity, frequency, and duration.<br> <strong>Conclusion. </strong>Future research must delve into the dose-response effects of real-world exercise programs to guide tailored interventions. This comprehensive understanding should inform clinicians and practitioners, empowering them to prescribe personalized exercise regimens for individuals grappling with compromised metabolic health.</div> Aerobic Exercise, Resistance Training, Physical Activity, Metabolic Syndrome 0 0 http://aassjournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-11-2250-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sameer Badri Al-mhanna Sameer@student.usm.my 100319475328460014980 100319475328460014980 No Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali syaheeda@usm.my 100319475328460014981 100319475328460014981 Yes Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia Alexios Batrakoulis abatrakoulis@uth.gr 100319475328460014982 100319475328460014982 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece Nouf H. Alkhamees nhalkhamees@pnu.edu.sa 100319475328460014983 0009-0009-4749-3248 No Department of Rehabilitation College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Clemens Drenowatz clemens.drenowatz@ph-ooe.at 100319475328460014984 100319475328460014984 No Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria Mahaneem Mohamed mahaneem@usm.my 100319475328460014985 100319475328460014985 No Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia Mehmet Gülü mehmetgulu80@gmail.com 100319475328460014986 100319475328460014986 No Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey Hafeez Abiola Afolabi afolabihafeez68@gmail.com 100319475328460014987 100319475328460014987 No Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia Georgian Badicu georgian.badicu@unitbv.ro 100319475328460014988 100319475328460014988 No Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania