en کنترل حرکتی و شاخه‌های وابسته بدان Motor Control and its Related Branches مقاله اصیل Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background.</strong> Recent research has proposed that environmental factors affect the development of expertise.<br> <strong>Objectives. </strong>The present study aimed to compare the history of training activities amongst expert athletes of different sport disciplines regarding the level of risk.<br> <strong>Methods. </strong>Participants included 187 athletes from six sports disciplines, which were allocated to &quot;low-risk,&quot; &quot;medium risk,&quot; or &quot;high-risk&quot; groups based on the level of physical risk placed on the participating athletes. Participants completed a developmental history of athletes questionnaire.<br> <strong>Results. </strong>Findings revealed a significant difference amongst groups in terms of the mean age of beginning the sport (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was no significant difference between the total hours of deliberate practice and physical preparation amongst the three groups (p > 0.05). However, the low-risk group had an enormous amount of deliberate practice (p < 0.001) and physical preparation activities (p = 0.002) in the 6 to 12-year age band, and the medium-risk and high-risk sports groups had an enormous amount of deliberate practice (p = 0.01) and physical preparation activities (p = 0.003) in the age band of above 16 years.<br> <strong>Conclusion. </strong>The present study provides useful information on the expertise acquisition process in different sport disciplines regarding the amount of practice relative to risk level.</div> Deliberate Practice, Elite, Exercise, Development, Training 0 0 http://aassjournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-11-1078-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Negin Atefineya neginatefi7@gmail.com 10031947532846009313 10031947532846009313 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Rokhsareh Badami rokhsareh.badami@khuisf.ac.ir 10031947532846009314 10031947532846009314 Yes Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Jared M. Porter jporter@utk.edu 10031947532846009315 10031947532846009315 No Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, State of Tennessee, USA