eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
31
38
article
Relationship between Training-Induced Changes in the Star Excursion Balance Test and the Y Balance Test in Young Male Athletes
Vahid Mohammadi
v.mohammadi70@gmail.com
1
Roger Hilfiker
roger.hilfiker@gmail.com
2
Amir Ali Jafarnezhadgero
amiralijafarnezhad@gmail.com
3
Shima Jamialahmadi
jamialahmadi_shima@yahoo.com
4
Mohammad Karimizadeh Ardakani
mohamad_sportir@yahoo.com
5
Urs Granacher
urs.granacher@uni-potsdam.de
6
Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Leukerbad, Switzerland
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Background. Dynamic balance is often assessed in athletes using either the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) or the Y Balance Test (YBT). There is evidence that the results for the three common directions are not comparable. Thus, the question is open to debate as to which instrument is better suited to measure training-induced changes over time.
Objectives. The aim of this study is to compare the changes in the SEBT and the YBT, measured before and after six weeks of balance and strength exercise programmes in young and healthy athletes.
Methods. A total of 30 young male athletes aged 15–17 years participated in this study and were involved in a six-week combined training, including balance and strength exercise. During pre- and post-training periods, the SEBT and YBT were conducted in random order.
Results. The comparison between the changes in the SEBT and YBT with a paired sample T-test showed a significant increase in PM (p=0.001) and PL reach directions (p=0.000). No differences were observed in the A reach direction (p=0.38).
Conclusion. the responsiveness levels of the SEBT and YBT are similar is valid. Also, because of higher effect size value in the anterior direction in YBT compared with SEBT, this balance test could possibly be preferred in this direction for postural control evaluation.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-462-en.pdf
Exercise
Postural Control
Balance Tests
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
69
77
article
The Effect of Knowledge Management through Human Resources Information Systems on Customer Relationship Management in Aquatic Sport Centers
Mohammad Keshtidar
mkeshtidar@birjand.ac.ir
1
Mohamad Reza Esmaeilzade Ghandehari
2
Mohsen Harati
3
University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Objectives. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of knowledge management through information systems of human resources on customer relationship management.
Methods. The study population included managers and employees of Mashhad's aquatic sport centres like ‘Blue Waves’, ‘Armaghan’, ‘Surging Waves’, and ‘Sunshine Coast Park’ (600 persons). Using a Morgan table, 234 cases were selected as sample, based on cluster sampling method, and randomly. The research method was descriptive-analytical. Data collection was conducted as a field study. The measurement tools were knowledge management questionnaire and human resources information systems questionnaire and customer relationship management questionnaire respectively. The validity of the questionnaires was observed andapproved by 10 sports management experts and professors of Azad University of Mashhad and Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.Validation was determined by Cronbach’s alpha respectively as 0.91, 0.87 and 0.90.
Results. The results showed that knowledge management through human resources information systems has a significant positive effect on customer relationship management.
Conclusion. It can be said that aquatic sport centers should more attend the important role of information systems to increase customer satisfaction along with knowledge management.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-444-en.pdf
Knowledge Management
Human Resources Information Systems
Customer Relationship Management
Aquatic Sport Centers
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
23
29
article
The Effect of FIFA +11 Program on Functional Movement Screen Scores of Junior Soccer Players
Nezam Nemati
artin.nemati@yahoo.com
1
Ali Asghar Norasteh
asgharnorasteh@yahoo.com
2
Mohammad Hosein Alizadeh
nhmalizadeh4@yahoo.com
3
Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
Background. Insufficient movement patterns may expose athletes to injury, so it is vital to recognize and rectify these movement patterns.
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the fundamental movement patterns and determine the effect of a four-week FIFA+11 program on functional movement screen (FMS) scores of junior soccer players.
Methods. A pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design with an intervention and control group was chosen for the present study. The sample consisted of 28 players at the Rasht education system soccer academy. The players first completed the FMS tasks and then were randomly divided into intervention (n=14) and control (n=14) groups. The intervention group then participated in FIFA+11 for four weeks (three times a week) while control group followed their ordinary warm-up program during this period. After four weeks, both groups completed the FMS tasks and the pre-test and post-test results were compared.
Results. The results indicated a significant difference in FMS scores in the intervention group between baseline and post-intervention scores (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found in these scores for the control group (p = 0.082). It is showed a significant difference in FMS scores between the intervention and control groups after intervention (p = 0.001). A 57% increase was observed in the number of intervention group players who achieved a score above the injury threshold (14) after four weeks of intervention. A 36% decrease in asymmetry was also observed in the intervention group.
Conclusion. It appears that the FIFA+11 program improved the fundamental movement patterns of the junior soccer players. It is suggested that coaches use FIFA+11 to improve the quality of movement of players and encourage them to exercise using correct movement patterns to avert injury.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-460-en.pdf
FIFA+11
Functional Movement Screen Test
Soccer
Fundamental Movement Patterns
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
5
12
article
Sexual Activity before Competition and Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review
Mohsen Soori
dr.mohsensoori@gmail.com
1
Shahram Mohaghegh
sh.mohaghegh@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Maryam Hajian
drmhajian@gmail.com
3
Amirhossein Abedi Yekta
abedi_yekta@yahoo.com
4
Department of Sport Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Sport Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Sport Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Objectives. The purpose of the present study was to systematically evaluate the scientific evidence about the impact of pre-competition sexual activity on athletic performance.
Methods. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement, PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro), and Google Scholar searches were performed with appropriate keywords without time and language restrictions for studies evaluating the impact of sexual activity on athletic performance. The titles and abstracts were reviewed by two independent reviewers. The methodological quality of the studies and the risk of bias were checked using the quality assessment tool of the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP).
Results. We found that most studies on this topic had low methodological quality. Out of the456 articles retrieved in the search, only seven met the inclusion criteria of the review. In four of these studies, sexual activity10–12 hours before competition did not alter short-term physiological testing results including maximum-effort grip strength test, hamstring flexibility, reaction time, aerobic power (stair-climbing exercise), VO2max (treadmill and cycle ergometer test), sub-maximal graded-exercise test, muscular endurance, oxygen pulse, double product, testosterone, cortisol, blood glucose concentrations, and mental concentration. In one study, significantly higher differences were reported for post-maximal stress test heart rate at 5 and 10 minutes during two hours of recovery period after sexual intercourse, which disappeared when a maximal stress test was performed 10 hours after sexual activity. In another study immediately after sexual intercourse, 40% of long-distance athletes had difficulty during intensive loading, while in 90% of the addressed athletes, sexual activity 12 hours before the endurance test did not have an influence on performance.
Conclusion. Based on mainly low-quality and heterogeneously designed studies, it can be concluded that having sex at least 10–12 hours before athletic events does not negatively influence physiological test results and possibly athletic performance. However, having sex immediately or a few hours before a competition has negative psychological or physiological effects on athletic performance.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-432-en.pdf
Sexual Behavior
Athletic Performance
Exercise
Coitus
Physiology
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
49
62
article
Effect of Gradation and Particle Shape on Sand Properties as Coverage of Beach Soccer Ground - Details of a Patent
Seyed Ramin Haghighizade
raminhaghighi@yahoo.com
1
Morteza Jiryaei Sharahi
jiryaei@qut.ac.ir
2
Seyed Mahmood Mirhoseini
m.mirhosayni@gmail.com
3
Maryam Mousavi
maryam.mousavi1925@yahoo.com
4
Civil Engineering Department, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
Civil Engineering Group, Qom University of Technology, Qom, Iran
Civil Engineering Department, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
Civil Engineering Group, Qom University of Technology, Qom, Iran
Background. Beach soccer is one of the most well-known international sports in the world. The laws of the game were introduced by some associations and today they are covered by FIFA. There are also certain rules for the selection of beach soccer sand, but the specifications are too simple and rough. Thus, a wide range of sand types falls in the acceptable range of FIFA.
Objectives. In this study, an investigation is conducted to identify the effective parameters of beach soccer sand that affect the acceptability and quality of sand. The aim of this study is to determine which type of sand is more in accordance with the expectations of beach soccer players.
Methods. This study is based on the results of a survey on 10 players of the national beach soccer team of Iran. The questionnaire includes questions about different aspects of sand quality at a number of beach soccer grounds. The sand samples are consequently compared by considering their gradations and particle shapes. A number of recommendations are presented in order to select high-quality sand for the purpose of beach soccer ground coverage.
Results. The results are examined using numerical simulations. Finally, after conducting several tests and survey and gathering regional data, a simple and reliable method for ranking sand types used in beach soccer ground coverage is presented. The method can accurately predict the score of each sand sample by using the input data of gradation test, roundness test, and regional data. The sand types are scored according to the level of the match.
Conclusion. In this manner, the grounds of beach soccer can be standardized using the presented ranking method.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-449-en.pdf
Beach Soccer
Sand Quality
Ranking Method
Gradation
Particle Shape
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
13
21
article
How, When, and Where do Football Players get Injured?: a Descriptive Epidemiological Study on Male Professional Football Players in Spain for Four Seasons
Pedro Gomez-Piqueras
dr.pedro.gomez.piqueras@gmail.com
1
Alberto Nájera López
Alberto.Najera@uclm.es
2
Jesus Gonzalez-Rubio
Jesus.Gonzalez11@alu.uclm.es
3
Enrique Arribas
Enrique.Arribas@uclm.es
4
María del Pilar Sainz de Baranda Andújar
Psainzdebaranda@um.es
5
Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, San Javier, Spain
Background. Sports injuries, in addition to the economic cost which they incur for football clubs, appear to be linked to a worse collective performance during the season.
Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the injury incidence in a professional football team during 4 consecutive seasons.
Methods. A total of 109 football players aged about 25 ± 4 years, having experience in sports from 18 ± 5 years, were analysed based on the injuries which they suffered during the training sessions and competition. Based on the recommendations of the International Federation of Football Associations (FIFA), the exact type, severity and duration of football injuries were reported.
Results. A total of 251 injuries (62.7 injuries/season and 2.3 injuries/player) were recorded. The incidence during the competition (37.2 injuries/1000h) was higher than that obtained during the training sessions (3.95 injuries/1000h). The injuries of a muscular type were the ones which showed the highest injury incidence (53% - 3.3 injuries/1000h), where the posterior thigh (19.6%), the knee (18.3%) and the groin (17.4%) were the most frequently damaged zones. It was found that 14.4% of the injuries were relapses of injuries suffered previously.
Conclusion. The injury incidence detected in Spanish players is within the normal range for professional football players. The highest frequency injury types are muscular injury, closely followed by joint injury. The variables of injury risk were undifferentiated by the level of competition, player´s age, position and time of occurrence (month).
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-506-en.pdf
Epidemiology
Injury
Severity
Exposure
Muscle
Joint
Football
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
1
3
article
SLC2A4 Polymorphisms Can Be a New Molecular Biomarker for Sports Genomics
Kadir Sinan Arslan
kadirsinanarslan@gmail.com
1
Fatma Akpunar
canansercan@outlook.com
2
Canan Sercan
canansercan@outlook.com
3
Sezgin Kapıcı
sezginkapici@gmailcom
4
Korkut Ulucan
korkutulucan@hotmail.com
5
Üsküdar University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
Marmara University, Faculty of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Medical biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
Marmara University, Faculty of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Medical biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
Üsküdar University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
Marmara University, Faculty of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Medical biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
"SLC2A4 Polymorphisms Can Be a New Molecular Biomarker for Sports Genomics" is an "Editorial Article" and hasn't abstract.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-485-en.pdf
Glucose
Muscles
Sports Genomics
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
95
102
article
Human Resource Development Indicators for the Iranian Judo Federation
Mohammadali Noudehi
mnodehi2006@yahoo.com
1
Morteza Dousti
m_dostipasha@yahoo.com
2
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Razavi
razavismh@yahoo.com
3
Masomeh Kalateh Seifari
msmrteam27@gmail.com
4
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Objectives. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize human resource development indicators for the Iranian Judo Federation.
Methods. The present study was a combined (mixed) research. The research population consisted of officials from the Federation, the national team coaches and members, delegation officials, university professors, and other experts (n=96). The sampling was purposeful and based on availability. The data were collected by both— interviews and a researcher-designed questionnaire. Its content validity was confirmed by 10 professors who worked in the field of sports management. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's coefficient alpha (α=0.79).
Results. The four factors (in order of priority) for the development of human resources were as follows: motivation, training and promotion, performance evaluation, and absorption of the human resources.
Conclusion. According to the results, motivation is the most important factor for the development of human resources and the Judo Federation authorities need to focus attention on motivational strategies to enhance performance and develop their country’s human resources in this particular sport.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-486-en.pdf
Motivation
Training And Promotion
Performance Evaluation
Human Resources Absorption
Development
Judo Federation
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
39
47
article
The Relationship of Personality and Trait Anxiety between Male and Female Volleyball Players
Asterios Patsiaouras
spats@pe.uth.gr
1
Maria Chatzidimitriou
chatzidi@med.auth.gr
2
Konstantinos Charitonidis
kcharito@phed.auth.gr
3
Athina Giota
athina_giota@hotmail.gr
4
Dimitrios Kokaridas
dkokar@pe.uth.gr
5
University of Thessaly/DPESS, Triakala, Karies, Greece
Alexandre Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Aristotle Univeristy of Thessaloniki/DPESS, Thessaloniki, Greece
University of Thessaly/DPESS, Triakala, Karies, Greece
University of Thessaly/DPESS, Triakala, Karies, Greece
Objectives. The purpose of the study was to examine possible correlations and differences of personality and trait anxiety between male and female volleyball players.
Methods. The sample consisted of 79 Division A & C volleyball athletes (35 men and 44 women). Personality factors were investigated with the use of IPIP (International Personality Item Pool), whereas for trait anxiety the STAI - X2 (State - Trait Anxiety Inventory) questionnaire was used.
Results. Statistically important differences were noticed between male and female volleyball players regarding the factors of extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability. In the remainder examined factors, that is, trait anxiety, consciousness and intellectual ability-imagination, no statistically important differences were noticed. A differentiation was also noticed regarding the relationship of factors when gender was selected as a criterion.
Conclusion. The results reveal that male athletes were influenced to a different degree on personality factors as compared to female athletes. Further research is needed to investigate differences between the two genders by using samples from other team and individual sports.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-522-en.pdf
Personality
Big 5
Anxiety
Volleyball
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
87
93
article
Prioritizing the Factors Affecting Brand Equity of Popular Football Clubs in Iran
Seyed Nasrollah Sajjadi
nsajjadi@ut.ac.ir
1
Rasoul Tarighi
rasoul.tarighi@ut.ac.ir
2
Mohammad Abedlati
mehrdad.2620@yahoo.com
3
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Background. Today, Building strong brands, Because of the extraordinary advantages that it creates, have been the marketing priorities of many organizations. Strong brands for a company, Creates an identity in the market.
Objectives. This study aimed at Prioritizing factors affecting brand equity of popular football clubs in Iran.
Methods. The design of the study was descriptive with practical goals. The participants of the study included two groups; the first group consisted of marketing and sport experts and sport managers. The participants in the second group were the fans of the mentioned clubs. There were 163 and 384 participants in the first and second group, respectively who were randomly selected through Morgan table. The instrument used to gather data was a likert questionnaire including 59 questions. This questionnaire was validity- checked by the study professors, and its reliability was measured 0.95 by cronbach alpha statistical test. Descriptive data analysis was done for population description and their responses. Partial least squares test was also performed for analytic analysis. SPSS 18 was the software for data analysis.
Results. The results of the study showed that from the managers and experts’ and fans perspective, the factors affecting the brand equity of Perspolis and Esteghlal football clubs In order of priority were the team’s history, management, team’s success, head coach, stadium, sponsors, team’s stars, media, fans loyalty and logo.
Conclusion. According to the results, It seems that managers of Popular clubs like Esteghlal and Persepolis, to promote their club brand equity should have the necessary attention to factors such as team’s history, management, team’s success, head coach, stadium, sponsors, team’s stars, media, fans loyalty and logo.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-557-en.pdf
Sport Industry
Fundraising
Costumers
Partial Least Squares Method
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
63
68
article
Paralympic Judo: Is there Evidence for Match Rigging among Athletes with Disabilities?
Wadim Strielkowski
strielkowski@cantab.net
1
Anatoly Shishkin
Shishkin.AV@rea.ru
2
Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Objectives. This paper studies the existence or non-existence of match-fixing (or rigging) among judo wrestlers (judoka) with disabilities during the consecutive Paralympic Games from 1988 until 2016.
Methods. In our analysis, we use the institutional framework that makes it easy understand and model the incentives of the wrestlers using the readily available data. Our data set consists of official judo matches that took place during the Paralympic Games from Seoul in 1988 to Rio in 2016. We analyze the distribution of wins across judokas, the medal count at the end of each medal tournaments.
Results. Our results are quite similar across specifications. There is no significant evidence to prove that some Paralympic judokas tend to be victorious more often on average than it might be expected.
Conclusions. We find no evidence can be found to document match rigging in Paralympic judo wrestling. Our analysis does not confirm the corruption story or rule out effort as the explanation. While the incentive structure of promotion leads to gains from trade between wrestlers on the margin for achieving a winning record and their opponents in some other sports with athletes winning a disproportionate share of the matches when they are on the margin, this does not seem to be the case of Paralympic judo. Reciprocity agreements between Paralympic judo teams from different countries are unlikely to exist, suggesting that collusive behavior is carried out solely by individual actors.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-493-en.pdf
Judo Wresting
Athletes with Disabilities
Paralympic Games
Match Rigging
Economic Incentives
Regression Analysis
Martial Arts
eng
CMV Verlag
Annals of Applied Sport Science
2476–4981
2322-4479
2017-10
5
3
79
85
article
Identifying the Consequences of Strategic Entrepreneurship in Sports Business
Adeleh Azimi Delarestaqi
azimi.adeleh@yahoo.com
1
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Razavi
razavismh@yahoo.com
2
Mohammad Reza Boroumand
m_boroumand@sbu.ac.ir
3
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Science, Shomal University, Amol, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
Background. This research aimed at identifying the consequences of strategic entrepreneurship in sports business.
Objectives. The objective of the research is to identify the consequences of deployment of strategic entrepreneurship in sports business.
Method. A qualitative research approach was employed. Data collection was done through interview as well as research background. The population included the entrepreneurship experts and instructors, business managers, and sport entrepreneurs. Sampling method utilized was snowball and the theoretical framework was defined following 21 interviews. Data analysis was conducted through three coding levels of open, axial, and selective in ATLAS.ti 5.2.
Results. The indexes are as follows : value creation, wealth creation, development of life quality, sustainable job creation, uncertainty reduction, infrastructure improvement, positive individual consequences, entrepreneurship institutionalization, increasing tendency to sport, innovation development, achievement continuum, occupational process development, enjoy the opportunity, improvement of occupational spirit, customer centric, and leverage of management skills.
Conclusion. Strategic management and entrepreneurship make changes through opportunity discovery in uncertain environments of business. Therefore, strategic entrepreneurship creates positive consequences for business especially those in sports.
http://aassjournal.com/article-1-561-en.pdf
Consequences
Strategic Entrepreneurship
Sports Business
Grounded Theory