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1- College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
2- College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. ,mostafa.a@cope.uobaghdad.edu.iq
2- College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. ,
Abstract: (114 Views)
Background. Handball is a team sport that demands quick reflexes and precise motor skills, particularly in shooting. Players' ability to shoot accurately and swiftly while stationary makes upper limb reaction time crucial for success.
Objectives. The research objective is to study the relationship between the motor time of the muscles of the arms and the index of accuracy of shooting from constancy in fourth-stage students in handball.
Methods. The researchers used the descriptive method because it is one of the methods used in the research on a sample of students of the fourth stage of the college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, where the sample consisted of 29 male students from the community of origin, 43 students.
Results. The results showed that the variables under study have significant direct correlations with the accuracy variable of shooting from stability, where the correlation of the motor response time was r=0.73 (p=0.047), the speed of movement of the arm r=0.87 (p=0.380), the maximum decrease in the knee angle variable r=0.77 (p=0.360) and the maximum decrease in the center of mass of the body was r=0.79 (p=0.380). In contrast, the degree of elbow angle during the ball's exit was variable, r=0.62 (p=0.560), and the degree of wrist angle during the ball's exit was variable, r=0.79 (p=0.380).
Conclusion. The study found that motor response speed, knee angle, and body center of mass significantly impact skill accuracy. These factors balance the player and maintain the movement path, resulting in an integrated skill. The accuracy of shooting from consistency in handball is primarily determined by the angle taken at each stage, particularly during the exit phase of the ball. This study stands out with novelty for its focus on university handball players, providing an accurate biomechanical analysis of this category of students, which has not been studied. The analyzed variables included elbow angle, wrist angle, knee flexion, and center of body mass during different shooting phases. In addition, using a non-random sample is a limitation that may affect the generalizability of the results.
Objectives. The research objective is to study the relationship between the motor time of the muscles of the arms and the index of accuracy of shooting from constancy in fourth-stage students in handball.
Methods. The researchers used the descriptive method because it is one of the methods used in the research on a sample of students of the fourth stage of the college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, where the sample consisted of 29 male students from the community of origin, 43 students.
Results. The results showed that the variables under study have significant direct correlations with the accuracy variable of shooting from stability, where the correlation of the motor response time was r=0.73 (p=0.047), the speed of movement of the arm r=0.87 (p=0.380), the maximum decrease in the knee angle variable r=0.77 (p=0.360) and the maximum decrease in the center of mass of the body was r=0.79 (p=0.380). In contrast, the degree of elbow angle during the ball's exit was variable, r=0.62 (p=0.560), and the degree of wrist angle during the ball's exit was variable, r=0.79 (p=0.380).
Conclusion. The study found that motor response speed, knee angle, and body center of mass significantly impact skill accuracy. These factors balance the player and maintain the movement path, resulting in an integrated skill. The accuracy of shooting from consistency in handball is primarily determined by the angle taken at each stage, particularly during the exit phase of the ball. This study stands out with novelty for its focus on university handball players, providing an accurate biomechanical analysis of this category of students, which has not been studied. The analyzed variables included elbow angle, wrist angle, knee flexion, and center of body mass during different shooting phases. In addition, using a non-random sample is a limitation that may affect the generalizability of the results.
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APPLICABLE REMARKS
APPLICABLE REMARKS
- Development of motor performance and accuracy of shooting in handball: the training program aims to improve motor response using interactive exercises supported by technology (such as placebos), while tracking progress with accurate measuring devices. Such training includes dynamic balance exercises to enhance the stability of the center of gravity and techniques to improve the optimal knee angle (90-110°) using jumps. Players are also trained to control elbow and wrist angles (90-120°) to improve aiming accuracy through guided exercises and kinesthetic analysis tools.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Sport Biomechanics and its related branches
Received: 2025/04/18 | Accepted: 2025/06/25
Received: 2025/04/18 | Accepted: 2025/06/25
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