year 11, Issue 1 (Spring 2023)
Ann Appl Sport Sci 2023, 11(1): 0-0 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Abdul Rahim N, Zainol Abidin M Z A, Shalan N A A M, Bin Karim Z, Abdul Aziz N U, Avin F A. COVID-19 Lockdown: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Academic Motivation Among Undergraduates University Students in Malaysia. Ann Appl Sport Sci 2023; 11 (1)
URL: http://aassjournal.com/article-1-1085-en.html
URL: http://aassjournal.com/article-1-1085-en.html
Norhazira Abdul Rahim * 
1, Muhammad Zakuan Arif Zainol Abidin2 , Nor Aijratul Asikin Mohamad Shalan3 , Zulakbal Bin Karim3 , Nurul Uyun Abdul Aziz4 , Farhat Ahmadi Avin5
1, Muhammad Zakuan Arif Zainol Abidin2 , Nor Aijratul Asikin Mohamad Shalan3 , Zulakbal Bin Karim3 , Nurul Uyun Abdul Aziz4 , Farhat Ahmadi Avin5
1- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia , norhazira@fsskj.upsi.edu.my
2- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
3- Department of Coaching Sciences, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
4- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Malaysia
5- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, USA
2- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
3- Department of Coaching Sciences, Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
4- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Malaysia
5- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, USA
Abstract: (2786 Views)
Background. In the wake of the COVID-19 global pandemic, the implementation of social restrictions has disrupted daily life routines, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and academic motivation for undergraduates. The interaction between the changes in PA and academic motivation has not been studied deeply.
Objectives. The present study aims to determine the PA level and academic motivation during the restriction movement during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the correlation between PA influence and students’ academic motivation.
Methods. One hundred and five participants (male, n= 38 and female, n=67) aged between 22-and 26 years old of the Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia, participated in the study. The PA levels were evaluated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the students’ motivation was evaluated using the eMpowerment, Usefulness, Success, Interest, and Caring (MUSIC) Model of Academic Motivation Inventory.
Results. The findings showed gender differences between males and females with higher mean values for times per week for vigorous, moderate, and light intensity PA. Both genders displayed the highest rates on Caring (female=5.42, male=5.34), followed by Success (female=5.23, male=5.22) and Usefulness (female=3.96, male=3.92). The lowest motivation was rated on eMpowerment (female=3.42, male=3.30) and Interest (female=3.85, male 3.84). A significant difference was found between males and females in their rate of both eMpowerment and Caring subscales. The Pearson test demonstrated a strong correlation between PA (measured by IPAQ-SF) and academic motivation (accessed by MUSIC inventory) among students during the COVID-19 pandemic (r=0.912), suggesting that the reduction of total PA had a profound impact on the academic motivation among undergraduates.
Conclusion. They maintained that PA as routine is a key strategy for physical and mental health, specifically academic motivation during a forced rest period such as the current COVID-19 lockdown.
Objectives. The present study aims to determine the PA level and academic motivation during the restriction movement during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the correlation between PA influence and students’ academic motivation.
Methods. One hundred and five participants (male, n= 38 and female, n=67) aged between 22-and 26 years old of the Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia, participated in the study. The PA levels were evaluated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the students’ motivation was evaluated using the eMpowerment, Usefulness, Success, Interest, and Caring (MUSIC) Model of Academic Motivation Inventory.
Results. The findings showed gender differences between males and females with higher mean values for times per week for vigorous, moderate, and light intensity PA. Both genders displayed the highest rates on Caring (female=5.42, male=5.34), followed by Success (female=5.23, male=5.22) and Usefulness (female=3.96, male=3.92). The lowest motivation was rated on eMpowerment (female=3.42, male=3.30) and Interest (female=3.85, male 3.84). A significant difference was found between males and females in their rate of both eMpowerment and Caring subscales. The Pearson test demonstrated a strong correlation between PA (measured by IPAQ-SF) and academic motivation (accessed by MUSIC inventory) among students during the COVID-19 pandemic (r=0.912), suggesting that the reduction of total PA had a profound impact on the academic motivation among undergraduates.
Conclusion. They maintained that PA as routine is a key strategy for physical and mental health, specifically academic motivation during a forced rest period such as the current COVID-19 lockdown.
Full-Text [PDF 297 kb]
(762 Downloads)
APPLICABLE REMARKS
APPLICABLE REMARKS
- Since this global health crisis will likely continue into 2023, there is critical to consider the interactions between lockdown situations during the COVID-19 pandemic and PA levels/activities across the days or weeks in adolescents.
- PA interventions among students should also aim to improve cognitive functions related to cognitive flexibility and intrinsic academic motivation. With a view to future similar research, it would be exciting and add value to measuring behavior modification by using different instruments and expanding the target populations, thus increasing the connection between behavior, academic motivation, and PA practice.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Physical Education Learning
Received: 2021/11/27 | Accepted: 2022/02/15
Received: 2021/11/27 | Accepted: 2022/02/15
References
1. Tang KH. Movement control as an effective measure against Covid-19 spread in Malaysia: an overview. Journal of Public Health. 2022;30(3):583-6. [DOI:10.1007/s10389-020-01316-w] [PMID] [PMCID]
2. Dergaa I, Varma A, Tabben M, Malik RA, Sheik S, Vedasalam S, Abbassi AK, Almulla J, Chaabane M, Chamari K. Organising football matches with spectators during the COVID-19 pandemic: What can we learn from the Amir Cup Football Final of Qatar 2020? A call for action. Biology of Sport. 2021;38(4):677. [DOI:10.5114/biolsport.2021.103568] [PMID] [PMCID]
3. Dergaa I, Abubaker M, Souissi A, Mohammed AR, Varma A, Musa S, Al Naama A, Mkaouer B, Ben Saad H. Age and clinical signs as predictors of COVID-19 symptoms and cycle threshold value. Libyan Journal of Medicine. 2022;17(1):2010337. [DOI:10.1080/19932820.2021.2010337] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Dergaa I, Abdelrahman H, Varma A, Yousfi N, Souissi A, Ghram A, Hammad AS, Musa ER, Taheri M, Irandoust K, Chtourou H. COVID-19 vaccination, herd immunity and the transition toward normalcy: challenges with the upcoming sports events. Annals of Applied Sport Science. 2021;9(3):0-0. [DOI:10.52547/aassjournal.1032]
5. Musa S, Dergaa I, Mansy O. The puzzle of Autism in the time of COVID-19 pandemic:"Light it up Blue". Psychology and Education. 2021;58(5):1553-6939.
6. Tison GH, Avram R, Kuhar P, Abreau S, Marcus GM, Pletcher MJ, Olgin JE. Worldwide effect of COVID-19 on physical activity: a descriptive study. Annals of internal medicine. 2020;173(9):767-70. [DOI:10.7326/M20-2665] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Masmoudi L, Boukhris O, Chtourou H, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Mueller P. Globally altered sleep patterns and physical activity levels by confinement in 5056 individuals: ECLB COVID-19 international online survey. Biology of Sport. 2021;38(4):495. [DOI:10.5114/biolsport.2021.101605] [PMID] [PMCID]
8. Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Masmoudi L, Boukhris O, Chtourou H, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Mueller P. Sleep quality and physical activity as predictors of mental well-being variance in older adults during COVID-19 lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 international online survey. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(8):4329 [DOI:10.3390/ijerph18084329] [PMID] [PMCID]
9. Varma A, Dergaa I, Ashkanani M, Musa S, Zidan M. Analysis of Qatar's successful public health policy in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports. 2021;5(2):6-11. [DOI:10.5455/IJMRCR.covid-19-qatar]
10. Ganasegeran K, Ch'ng AS, Looi I. COVID-19 in Malaysia: Crucial measures in critical times. Journal of Global Health. 2020;10(2). [DOI:10.7189/jogh.10.020333] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Tornaghi M, Lovecchio N, Vandoni M, Chirico A, Codella R. Physical activity levels across COVID-19 outbreak in youngsters of Northwestern Lombardy. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2020. [DOI:10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11600-1] [PMID]
12. Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L, Bouaziz B, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Müller P. Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1583. [DOI:10.3390/nu12061583] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. World Health Organization. Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia: WHO guidelines.
14. Eime RM, Young JA, Harvey JT, Charity MJ, Payne WR. A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity. 2013;10(1):1-21.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-135 [DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-10-98] [PMID] [PMCID]
15. Puccinelli PJ, da Costa TS, Seffrin A, de Lira CA, Vancini RL, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B, Rosemann T, Hill L, Andrade MS. Reduced level of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic is associated with depression and anxiety levels: an internet-based survey. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1-1.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10684-1 [DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-10470-z] [PMID] [PMCID]
16. Owen N, Sparling PB, Healy GN, Dunstan DW, Matthews CE. Sedentary behavior: emerging evidence for a new health risk. InMayo Clinic Proceedings 2010; 85(12):1138-1141. [DOI:10.4065/mcp.2010.0444] [PMID] [PMCID]
17. Chu AH, Moy FM. Reliability and validity of the Malay International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) among a Malay population in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2015;27(2):NP2381-9. [DOI:10.1177/1010539512444120] [PMID]
18. Jones BD. Motivating students to engage in learning: the MUSIC model of academic motivation. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. 2009;21(2):272-85.
19. Jones BD, Skaggs G. Measuring Students' Motivation: Validity Evidence for the MUSIC Model of Academic Motivation Inventory. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. 2016;10(1):n1. [DOI:10.20429/ijsotl.2016.100107]
20. Mohamed HE, Soliman MH, Jones BD. A cross cultural validation of the MUSIC model of academic motivation and its associated inventory among Egyptian university students. Journal of Counseling Quarterly Journal. 2013;36:2-14.
21. Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Cocchi C, Maffei S, Gallina S. Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Changes in diet and physical activity increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2020;30(9):1409-17. [DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.020] [PMID] [PMCID]
22. Madsen KA, McCulloch CE, Crawford PB. Parent modeling: perceptions of parents' physical activity predict girls' activity throughout adolescence. The Journal of pediatrics. 2009;154(2):278-83. [DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.044] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Armstrong S, Wong CA, Perrin E, Page S, Sibley L, Skinner A. Association of physical activity with income, race/ethnicity, and sex among adolescents and young adults in the United States: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2016. Jama Pediatrics. 2018;172(8):732-40. [DOI:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1273] [PMID] [PMCID]
24. Sáez I, Solabarrieta J, Rubio I. Motivation for physical activity in university students and its relation with gender, amount of activities, and sport satisfaction. Sustainability. 2021;13(6):3183. [DOI:10.3390/su13063183]
25. González-Mesa CG. Reasons why college students don't play sports. Fuentes Magazine. 2008;8:199-208, 2008. Available from: https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/fuentes/article/download/2522/2383.
26. Sinclair KM, Hamlin MJ, Steel G. Physical activity levels of first-year New Zealand university students: a pilot study. Youth Studies Australia. 2005;24(1):38-42.
27. Chen P, Mao L, Nassis GP, Harmer P, Ainsworth BE, Li F. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of sport and health science. 2020;9(2):103. [DOI:10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001] [PMID] [PMCID]
28. Romero-Blanco C, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Prado-Laguna MD, Hernández-Martínez A. Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in university students: Changes during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(18):6567. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17186567] [PMID] [PMCID]
29. Jones BD, Wilkins JL. Testing the MUSIC Model of Academic Motivation through confirmatory factor analysis. Educational Psychology. 2013;33(4):482-503. [DOI:10.1080/01443410.2013.785044]
30. Jones BD, Watson JM, Rakes L, Akalin S. Factors that impact students' motivation in an online course: Using the MUSIC Model of Academic Motivation. Journal of Teaching and Learning with Technology. 2012;42-58.
31. Meyer S, Grob A, Gerber M. No fun, no gain: The stress-buffering effect of physical activity on life satisfaction depends on adolescents' intrinsic motivation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2021;56:102004. [DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102004]
32. Kalak N, Gerber M, Kirov R, Mikoteit T, Yordanova J, Pühse U, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Brand S. Daily morning running for 3 weeks improved sleep and psychological functioning in healthy adolescents compared with controls. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2012;51(6):615-22. [DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.02.020] [PMID]
33. Brand S, Kalak N, Gerber M, Clough PJ, Lemola S, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Pühse U, Holsboer-Trachsler E. During early to mid adolescence, moderate to vigorous physical activity is associated with restoring sleep, psychological functioning, mental toughness and male gender. Journal of sports sciences. 2017;35(5):426-34. [DOI:10.1080/02640414.2016.1167936] [PMID]
34. Bates LC, Zieff G, Stanford K, Moore JB, Kerr ZY, Hanson ED, Barone Gibbs B, Kline CE, Stoner L. COVID-19 impact on behaviors across the 24-hour day in children and adolescents: physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Children. 2020;7(9):138. [DOI:10.3390/children7090138] [PMID] [PMCID]
35. Codella R, Chirico A, Lucidi F, Ferrulli A, La Torre A, Luzi L. The immune-modulatory effects of exercise should be favorably harnessed against COVID-19. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. 2021;44(5):1119-22. [DOI:10.1007/s40618-020-01403-5] [PMID] [PMCID]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
