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The Effect of the Motivation of Wearable Fitness Devices Use on Exercise Engagement: The Mediating Effect of Exercise Commitment
Cheng-Feng Ho, Yu-Sheng Lin, Ching-Te Lin, Chin-Cheng Yang, Chih-Chien Shen,
year 10, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Background. In the study of wearable device users, it was found that the intentional motives for using wearable devices were a novelty, fun, and popular trends, but whether the needs and functions of device users will change due to the change the time is the focus of this study.
Objectives. This study aims to examine the path relationships among motivation of use, exercise commitment, and exercise engagement of users of wearable fitness devices.
Methods. The subjects of the study were users of wearable fitness devices. The questionnaires were distributed online through purposive sampling. A total of 479 questionnaires were distributed, and 347 valid questionnaires were collected after excluding invalid questionnaires with an effective response rate of 72.4%. The response data were validated by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and a structural equation model.
Results. The results of the study reveal that users of wearable fitness devices are mainly motivated by “informativeness” and “practicality and instrumentation”; motivation of use does not directly affect exercise engagement (t = 0.895, P < 0.056). Exercise commitment is mediating between the motivation of use and exercise engagement; motivation of use positively affects exercise commitment, and exercise commitment positively affects exercise engagement (t = 3.856, P < 0.001).
Conclusion. Wearable device users believe that the wearable devices can record their own exercise-related information, enhance exercise efficiency, and provide an easy-to-understand interface with a sense of entertainment and novelty technology, which support the device users to engage in physical activities. Commitment to exercise will influence the individual's continued engagement in exercise.

The Effect of Multimedia Teaching Intervention on Physical Education Curriculum on University Students’ Sports Attitudes and Sports Behaviors
Yang Chin-Cheng, Lin Ching-Te, Lee Ting-I,
year 10, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Background. World Health Organization pointed out in 2019 that insufficient physical activity has become the fourth major risk factor affecting global mortality.
Objectives. This research explores the influence of multi-media teaching intervention in the physical education curriculum on college students’ sports attitudes and behavior.
Methods. The subjects of weight training and Yogalates courses (94 people in weight training class 2 and 94 people in Yogalates class 2) were divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups were taught in person for 18 weeks. The experimental group participated in multi-media audio-visual teaching for 6 weeks, once a week, for 30 minutes. The control group did not implement multi-media audio-visual teaching. Before and after the teaching experiment, 188 questionnaires were issued with the sports attitude and sports behavior scales, and 184 (97.8%) were effectively returned in the pre-test; 180 (95.7%) were effectively returned in the post-test. After the questionnaire was collected, it was analyzed by descriptive statistics, cross-analysis, and an independent sample t-test.
Results. The study found that after multi-media teaching is involved in physical education courses, students’ sports attitudes and behaviors are significantly higher than in traditional teaching, and the number of students participating in sports after class has increased significantly.
Conclusion. Multi-media teaching intervention in physical education courses can effectively improve students’ attitudes towards sports, change their actual participation in sports, and enable students to develop the habit of continuing to participate in sports after class.

How Judo Professionals Win and Lost in Competition: A Closer Look at Gender, Weight, Technique, and Gripping
Wen-Yi Ko, Jen-Jen Yang, Chi-Yueh Hsu, Pei-Ling Hsieh, Chun-Yu Chien,
year 10, Issue 4 (Winter 2022)
Abstract
Background. Judo coaches and athletes must understand the relevant technical content of the competition to improve their judo skills in Taiwan. Therefore, this study intends to explore the current situation and differences in scoring techniques of outstanding judo players and the impact on the victories or defeats of scoring techniques.
Objectives. The purpose of this study is to explore the distribution of judo players of different genders, weight divisions, scoring techniques, and gripping positions that affect the victories and defeats in the competitions.
Methods. The research objects were a total of 185 judo players, 104 male players, and 81 female players, from Judo Competition at the 2019 Taiwan National Games that was held from October 20 to 23, 2019 in the gymnasium of Yuan Ze University Taiwan. The data was collected and analyzed by observing videos in the judo competition venues as the research samples.
Results.  The research shows that there is no significant difference between judo players’ scoring techniques and various weight divisions, but it indicates a significant difference between scoring techniques and various gripping positions, as well as between gripping positions and different weight divisions.
Conclusion. It is recommended to establish a mini-application (app) of judo tactics to provide real-time analysis during training and competitions to coaches and judo players.

The Effects of Two Types of Training on the Physical Ability of University Baseball Players
Jehun Lee, Geun-Soo Yang, Misun Lee,
year 11, Issue 2 (Summer 2023)
Abstract
Background. Training in any sport aims to maximize athletes’ physical capacity.
Objectives. This study aimed to determine the effects of two training programs, functional training, and weight training, on the physical capacity of university baseball players.
Methods. The participants included 10 university baseball players, divided into the functional training group (FTG, n=5) and the weight training group (WTG, n=5). The training was performed for 1 hour per session, three sessions per week, for 6 weeks. The dependent variables related to the two groups’ physical fitness, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, were measured before training and 6 weeks after training.
Results. The FTG showed significant improvements in right-hand grip strength and plank, and the WTG showed significant improvements in right-hand grip strength, left-hand grip strength, and plank. The FTG showed a significant improvement in side-step, and the WTG showed significant improvements in sit-up and side-step. For anaerobic capacity, the FTG showed significant improvements in pitching and batting speeds, and the WTG showed a significant improvement in batting speed.
Conclusion. Both training programs led to significant improvements in the physical factors associated with increased athletic performance in baseball players, and the two programs’ effects were complementary. Thus, training programs targeting specific areas that require improvement will increase baseball players’ performance.

Leisure Motivation and Happiness, Mediation of Leisure Attitude and Perceived Value: An Evidence from Large and Heavy Motorbike Riders in Taiwan
Chin-Cheng Yang, Ching-Te Lin, Tso-Yen Mao, Ali Akbar Anggara, Chen-Ping Wu,
year 11, Issue 2 (Summer Supplementary 2023)
Abstract
Background. The current study has been based on the Theory of planned behavior. It is “the intention of an individual to get involved in the specific behavior.
Objectives. The current research aimed to empirically investigate the impact of leisure motivation on the happiness of large and heavy motorbike riders in Taiwan.
Methods. In this cross-sectional field study, grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior, the mediation of leisure attitude and perceived value was also explored. The field data of 427 heavy motorbike riders were collected using convenient sampling, men 387 (90.6%), and women 40 (9.4%).
Results. The PLS analysis revealed that attitudes toward leisure and perceived value mediate the relationship between leisure motivation and happiness. Large heavy-duty motorcyclists opt to engage in self-preferred riding actions to satisfy their self-demand, enhance life satisfaction, and encourage greater happiness.
Conclusion. The study brings key policy insights for sports manufacturing business professionals and suggests future research directions.

The Effect of Self-Release Treatment of Myofascia on Improving the Performance of Futsal Players
Hong Yang, Seongoh Kwon, Jehun Lee,
year 11, Issue 3 (Autumn 2023)
Abstract
Background. Futsal may have problems with the condition due to injuries due to the nature of the game requiring high-intensity performance and may harm injuries and normal athletic performance.
Objectives. This study aimed to measure the speed, agility, quickness, dynamic balance, active range of motion, and reaction time, which are factors affecting the performance of the self-myofascial release exercise program for 12 weeks before and after applying it to professional Futsal players.
Methods. This study was conducted in two groups: a group that applied general training and self-myofascial release exercise (EX) and a control group that applied only general training (CON). The self-myofascial release program in this study was constructed by referring to the National Academy of Sports Medicine policy using a foam roller. The exercise program was applied 3 times a week for 30 minutes for 12 weeks after general training.
Results. The functions of all variables in the exercise group improved, and the functions of all variables in the control group decreased. As a result of the EX test, dynamic stability was most significantly improved (t=-8.165, p=0.001), and the variable that showed a significant difference according to the interaction effect between groups was dynamic stability (F=10.238, p=0.006)., the joint range (F=4.900, p=0.042).
Conclusion. It can be seen that the effects on variables between groups differ sharply depending on whether or not self-myofascial release is performed.

Can Tai Chi Improve Blood Lipid Levels in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mengyao Chao, Changqing Xiang, Meng Ding, Xiaoming Yang, Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden,
year 11, Issue 3 (Autumn 2023)
Abstract
Background. The outbreak of COVID-19 has increased the threat to patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and can easily exacerbate their condition. Several studies have been conducted today using Tai Chi as an alternative therapy. Lipid indicators are one of the main factors in the development of cardiovascular disease, and there is no systematic review of studies related to Tai Chi to improve lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Objectives. This study aimed to measure the effect of Tai Chi on blood lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Methods. Eight electronic repositories were searched, ranging from building in February 2022. Risk of bias assessment was performed independently by 2 researchers, according to the criteria provided by the Cochrane Intervention System Assessment Manual. Blood lipid indexes were analyzed using Review Manage5.4 software.
Results. A total of 1,312 patients from 28 trials were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant positive effect of lipids in the Tai Chi group compared to the non-exercise group for total cholesterol (MD= -0.46, 95%CI [-0.65, -0.27], p<0.00001), triglycerides (MD= -0.41, 95%CI [-0.54, -0.29], P<0.00001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD= -0.40, 95%CI [-0.53, -0.26], P<0.00001). High-density lipoprotein was not statistically significant (MD= 0.11, 95%CI [0.09, 0.13], P<0.00001). Tai Chi was not statistically significant compared to the other exercise groups.
Conclusion. Tai chi is effective in improving lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular disease, especially in diabetic patients and hypertensive patients. Despite this improvement in HDL was not significant, it is still believed that the Tai Chi intervention has a potential positive impact.

Comparison of the Dynamometer- and Kinematics-based Analyses for Measuring Individual Quadriceps Muscle Torque: A Pilot Study
Christopher L. Rawdon, Christopher P. Ingalls, Feng Yang, Jeff S. Otis, Kyle Brandenberger, Mekensie Jackson,
year 12, Issue 3 (Autumn 2024)
Abstract
Background. Current studies on exercise-induced injury effects lack direct force measurements of individual agonist muscles post-injury, relying on indirect markers. Transcutaneous muscle stimulation assesses the intrinsic force-producing capacity of the entire muscle group but has not been used to compare individual muscle strength.
Objectives. Compare the reliability of dynamometer-based and kinematic-based methods in measuring the torque produced by electrical stimulation of individual quadriceps muscles.
Methods. Eight males (30.3±3.9 years) were enrolled for a two-day test-retest study. On Day 1, peak isometric torque during maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) was assessed, followed by peak isometric tetanic torque produced by electrical stimulation (20 & 80 Hz) of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis muscles using the Biodex dynamometer with the knee at 90° and the shin pad 2 cm above the lateral malleolus. Subjects performed two MVCs for four seconds each. Isometric torque during 20 and 80 Hz stimulations of the individual quadriceps muscles was then recorded by the dynamometer. The kinematics of the weighted leg during 20 and 80 Hz electrical stimulation-induced concentric contractions targeting the individual muscles were collected by a motion capture system (Vicon) to calculate peak torque. Procedures were repeated within seven days. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.
Results. Both methods showed strong test-retest reliability (Biodex ICC=0.95 [95% CI: 0.90-0.97]; Vicon ICC=0.98 [95% CI: 0.96-0.98]). The reliability of both methods was further supported by the Bland-Altman plot.
Conclusion. Dynamometer- and kinematics-based analyses were reliable for measuring individual quadricep muscle torque produced by transcutaneous electrical stimulation.

Technological Innovation in Increasing Sport Access and Participation for People with Disabilities and Inactivity-A Report on 1st Conference USCI (University Sport Consortium International)_November 5-6, 2024
Seyed Morteza Tayebi, Fatemeh Ghorbanalizadeh Ghaziani, Abdirrohim Muhammad Qori, Abdul Halim Mokhtar, Abna Hidayati, Adhadi Kurniawan, Adi Ahmad Supendi, Afianti Sulastri, Afif Khoirul Hidayat, Afif Rusdiawan, Afif Rusdiawan, Agus Gumilar, Agus Hariyanto, Ahmad Chaeroni, Alchonity Harika Fitri, Aldilla Yulia Wiellys Sutikno, Aldo Naza Putra, Alex Alda Yudi, Alexandre Sibomana, Alfand Setiawan, Ali Munir, Alimuddin, Alnedral, Alpin Herman Saputra, Alvendo Pratama, Amin Akbar, Amung Ma’mun, Anas Ardiansyah, Andes Permadi, Andika Prabowo, Andra Rizky Putra, Andre Igoresky, Andri Gemaini, Anggi Yusriana, Anggun Permata Sari, Anisa Soliha Mia, Anton Komaini, Ardhika Falaahudin, Ardi Arif, Ardo Okilanda, Arfa Adha, Argantos, Ariando Ariston, Aridhotul Haqiyah, Arie Asnaldi, Arif Fadli Muchlis, Arifah Kaharina, Aris Fajar Pambudi, Arisman, Armaita, Arsil, Artha Ivonita Simbolon, Aulia Rahmad, Aydin Karacam, Az Zuhran Zainal, Badai Meganagara Dradjat, Bafirman, Bangkit Yudho Prabowo, Bayu Hardiyono, Bayu Haryanto, Bayu Insanistyo, Bayu Putra, Bekir Car, Bekir Erhan Orhan, Bernadeta Suhartini, Bogy Restu Ilahi, Bujang, Burhan Basyiruddin, Cahyo Wibowo, Cerika Rismayanthi, Dadan Resmana, Daharnis Daharnis, Dally Rahman, Damardjati Kun Marjanto, Damrah, Dani Nur Riyadi, Dani Primanata, Danny Eka Wahyu Saputra, Darni, Deby Tri Mario, Del Asri, Desi Purnama Sari, Despita Antoni, Dessi Novita Sari, Deswandi, Dewi Kiani Cakrawati, Dian Pujianto, Didi Suryadi, Dindin Abidin, Donal Syafrianto, Doni Priawan, Donie, Dwi Cahyo Kartiko, Dwi Esti Kusumandari, Dwi Happy Anggia Sari, Eddy Marheni, Edwarsyah, Eko Purnomo, Eldawaty, Elma Haryani, Elsa Yuniarti, Ely Yuliawan, Endang Sepdanius, Erianti, Erwin Setyo Kriswanto, Eva Faridah, Eval Edmizal, Fadlillah, Fahmil Haris, Faradifta Tirta Ardita, Fathurrahman Hafid , Fatih Hazar, Fiky Zarya, Fina Hiasa, Firunika Intan Cahyani, Fransisca Januarumi Marhaendra, Gigih Siantoro, Giovanne Farell, Gusril, Hadi Pery Fajri, Hafizah Delyana, Hansi Effendi, Happy Fitria, Hari Setijono, Haripah Lawanis, Hartati, Hasan Basri, Hastria Effendi, Hayudi, Hazrina Amni, Hendra Afriwan, Hendri Irawadi, Hendri Neldi, Heny Setyawati, Heri Haryanto, Herman Subarjah, Hermanzoni, Hernawan, Heru Andika, Heryanto Nur Muhammad, Hilmainur Syampurma, Hilmy Apriady, Husnul Khatimah, Ifdil, Iit Selviani, Ilham, Ilham, Imantara Subagio, Indri Wulandari, Inge Angelia, Irma Febriyanti, Irpan Nopriansah, Isti Dwi Puspita Wati, Istiqomah Istiqomah, Iwan Setiawan, Jaffry Zakaria, Jaka Putra Utama, Jannatul Khairoh, Japhet Ndayisenga, Jeki , Jepri Naldi , Jeri Harliangga, Jhon Roby Purba, Joan Siswoyo, Johansyah Lubis , Jose Vicente Garcia Jimenez, Juanda Putra, Kadek Heri Sanjaya, Kamal Firdaus, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Khairani , Khairuddin, Kolektus Oky Ristanto, Komarudin, Kristian Burhan, Kurniati Rahayuni, Leo Pratama, Lili Adi Wibowo, Liza, Lucy Widya Fathir, M Fahli Zatra Hadi, M. Adli Bin Mohd Sidi, M. Arie Desman, Maidawilis, Maifina Sri Ningsih, Mardepi Saputra, Mario Febrian, Marsika Sepyanda, Mas Nur Zafirah Muhammad Saad, Masrun, Meiriani Armen, Meirizal Usra, Melisa, Mikkey Anggara Suganda, Mochamad Ridwan, Mochammad Azqilla Ahdalazim, Mohad Anizu Mohd Nor, Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin, Mohamad Rahizam Abdul Rahim, Mohd Hafizuddin Baki, Muhammad Fakhrur Rozi, Muhammad Azhar Robbani, Muhammad Arnando, Muhamad Sazeli Rifki, Muhammad Andika Marlis Ramadhan, Muhamad Ichsan Sabillah, Muchamad Arif Al Ardha, Mohd Salleh Bin Aman, Mohd Izwan Shahril, Mohd Huzairi Mohd Sani, Nurlan Kusmaedi, Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Nurhastuti, Nurhasan, Nurettin Konar, Nur Adila Wafiqoh Zulvi, Nugroho Susanto, Novita Intan Arovah, Novia Nazirun, Novadri Ayubi, Norhazira Abdul Rahim, Nor Eeza Zainal Abidin, Nofri Hendri, Nina Jermaina, Nilma Zola, Nikmatullaili, Nidya Fitri, Nguyen Tra Giang, Neneng Habibah, Nasnoor Juzaily Bin Mohd Masiruddin, Nanik Indahwati, Naluri Denay, Mutiara Felicita Amsal, Muhammad Galih Gusti Sidik, Mustika Fitri, Nurmaines Adhyka, Nurul Diyana Binti Sanuddin, Nurul Ihsan, Oce Ridwanudin, Oce Wiriawan, Oddie Bananda Rizki, Omar Firdaus, Oyatra Warda Utama, Padli, Pahala Tua Hutajulu, Parama Surya Kustrapsila, Pringgo Mardesia, Prisca Widiawati, Pudia M. Indika, Raden Sudarwo, Ramadoni, Ramdan Pelana, Randi Kurniawan, Rani Nurhasanah, Rara Putri Maliza, Ratko Pavlović, Raudhatul Hanifah, Rayendra, Refnaldi, Resmi Darni, Resti Nurpratiwi, Retnaningtyas Susanti, Rezha Arzhan Hidayat, Rezki, Rezki Mukhlis Ardiansyah, Rezli Oktaviani, Rices Jatra, Ridho Bahtra, Rijal Khaerani, Rika Sepriani, Rila Muspita, Rima Pratiwi Fadli, Rini Afriani, Rini Ismalasari, Riska Ramadani Lasri, Rivaldi Arissaputra, Rivalwan, Rizki Almauli, Roni Andri Pramita, Ronni Yenes, Rose Rahmidani, Rosly Yusoff, Rosmawati, Rozaireen Muszali, Rully Efendi, Rusdinal, Rustamadji, Samuel Martin Pradana, Sandey Tantra Paramitha, Sapto Wibowo, Sari Mariati, Satria Lintang Rachmadana, Sawirman, Schillaci Valley Mucci, Sefri Hardiansyah, Sepriadi, Septian Raibowo, Septian Willyanto, Septri, Serli Marlina, Shahrulfitri Borhan, Shariman Ismadi, Shukhratulla Allamuratov, Siska Alicia Farma, Siti Aishah Md Yusop, Siti Musliha Mat Rasid, Slamet Raharjo, Soeci Izzati Adlya, Soni Nopembri, Sonya Nelson, Soyib Tajibaev, Sri Gusti Handayani, Sri Indah Ihsani, Sri Rizki Handayani, Sri Wicahyani, Suci Nanda Sari, Sufyarma Marsidin, Suharjana, Sukendro, Sukiri, Sulistiyono, Sumarjo, Sumarsih Anwar, Sumaryanti, Suryo Utomo, Suwirman, Syafruddin, Syahrastani, Syahrial Bakhtiar, Syaiful Haq, Syamsuar, Tandiyo Rahayu, Tatang Iskandar, Taufiq Hidayat, Thadius Yambedoan, Thesya Alda Nia, Tika Gustina, Tirto Apriyanto, Tjung Hauw Sin, Tri Irfa Indrayani, Umar, Uray Gustian, Vanessa Gaffar, Varhatun Fauziah, Vega Soniawan, Villia Anggraini, Vlad Adrian Geantă, Wakhid Kozin, Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa, Waskito Aji Suryo Putro, Wawan Sundawan Suherman, Wedi, Weny Sasmitha, Wilda Welis, Willadi Rasyid, Wulandari Putri, Wuri Syaputri, Y. Touvan Juni Samodra, Yahya, Yahya Eko Nopiyanto, Yanuar Kiram, Yaslindo, Yasri, Yayang Yulia Sari, Yendrizal, Yogi Andria, Yogi Arnaldo Putra, Yogi Setiawan, Yona Mita Soma, Yovhandra Ockta, Yudanto, Yudi Budianti, Yummi Meirafoni, Yuni Astuti, Yuni Fitriyah Ningsih, Yunita Lasma, Yusradinafi, Yuyun Bewelli Fahmi, Zakiah Noordin, Zsolt Németh, Zulakhbal, Zulbahri,
year 13, Issue 0 (Special Issue 2025)
Abstract
The conference's final report, including a short report of all articles, is downloadable. The conference was held at Universitas Negeri Padang in Indonesia with the executive participation of four universities from three countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines) under a formation named "University Sport Consortium International (USCI)."
This conference's scope was multidisciplinary in sports sciences and physical education, with a notable aspect of "Technological Innovation in Increasing Sport Access and Participation for People with Disabilities and Inactivity."

A Systematic Review of Effective Warm-Up Programs to Enhance Fente Performance and Prevent Hip Injuries in Fencing
Soo-Won Uh, Jung-Hwan Kim, Cheol-Jung Yang,
year 13, Issue 4 (Winter 2025)
Abstract
Background. Fencing is a unilateral sport that uses the same limb, and there are many specific injuries due to the specific characteristics of this sport.
Objectives. This study aims to prevent fencing-related injuries around the hip joint. Effective warm-ups have been studied to improve fencing performance.
Methods. Databases including Google Scholar and Web of Science were searched up to April 2024 using keywords such as "fencing," "warm-up," "hip joint," and "fente." The inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed articles addressing warm-up protocols that focused on the hip joint and their effects on performance or injury prevention in fencers.
Results. The vertical component of the reaction force of the dominant leg and the knee flexor of the nondominant leg are important for improving the performance of fente. Preparing with dynamic active stretching in a short amount of time is necessary for an adequate warm-up to enhance fencing performance. To prevent hip joint injuries, which are the most common in fencing, training with eccentric exercises can reduce the risk of re-injury.
Conclusion. Findings suggest that active warm-ups, eccentric hamstring exercises, and dynamic mobility drills targeting hip extension and control significantly improve fente performance and may reduce injury risk. However, heterogeneity in study designs and a lack of high-quality trials limit the ability to draw definitive conclusions. Further experimental studies are needed to develop evidence-based fencing-specific warm-up programs.

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